New Challenges and Global Crises The history of the Foundation Displacement, Expulsion, Reconciliation illustrates that the memory of historical events is subject to constant change. Recent global crises have once again transformed our view of displacement and expulsion and have impacted on the design of the Documentation Centre and its Permanent Exhibition. In early 2011, a wave of protests swept across the Middle East, now known as the Arab Spring. Spontaneous demonstrations erupted in almost every country in the region. Its citizens and subjects demanded greater social justice, access to education, the rule of law and political participation, measures to counter corruption and an end to despotism. The European view of these developments was ambivalent. On the one hand, Europe had politically propped up many of the regimes now under pressure. On the other hand, the Arab Spring raised rather high hopes in its evocation of the Velvet Revolution of 1989 and the changes that had taken place in Eastern Europe in its wake. What happened after the protests in the Middle East was quite different from what had ensued in Europe; most countries implemented reforms, albeit often rather superficially. In Syria, Libya, Yemen and Iraq, however, violent state repression led to civil war. Interventions by regional and international actors exacerbated these conflicts, and ZAATARI REFUGEE CAMP Jordan, 2019
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